WebRTC (Web Real-Time Communication) is a protocol that enables real-time peer-to-peer communication directly between browsers and devices. It allows for audio, video and data sharing without the need for an intermediary server to handle data transmission, resulting in low latency and improved privacy. However, establishing this direct connection requires a signaling process, typically managed by a separate server, which exchanges essential metadata (SDP) and network information (ICE candidates) between peers.

We will build two main components:

• Web Video Client: A frontend application that handles user interactions and media streams.
• Signaling Server: A backend server responsible for facilitating the signaling process between clients.

Together, these components will enable users to initiate and manage peer-to-peer video calls seamlessly.

Setting Up the Project

Let's begin by setting up the project structure and initializing a new Node.js project.

1. Initialize the Project Directory

Execute the following commands:

mkdir webrtc_demo
cd webrtc_demo

2. Create Client and Server Directories

We'll separate the frontend and backend components for better organization.

mkdir client
mkdir server

Build the Web Video Client

The web video client is a straightforward web page that allows users to:

• Start: Initialize their media stream (audio and video).
• Call: Initiate a peer-to-peer video call.
• Hang Up: Terminate the ongoing call.